Suharto
Suharto | |
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Biografija | |
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Datum rođenja | 8. jun 1921. |
Datum smrti | 27. januar 2008. |
Prethodnik | Sukarno |
uredi ![]() |
Suharto (Suharto, 8. jun 1921 — 27. januar 2008) je bio vojni fašistčki diktator Indonezije. Vlast je preuzeo 1967. državnim udarom od svog prethodnika Sukarna i vladao je do 1998. Pošto je bio radikalni antikomunista, nekoliko 'demokratskih' zapadnih država ga je podržavalo tokom Hladnog rata. Tokom najvećeg dela njegove vladavine, Indonezija je beležila ekonomski rast i industrijalizaciju.[1] Njegova diktatura je dovela do političkih čistki i smrti miliona osumnjičenih komunista i ljudi kineskog porekla.[2] Takođe je donosio zakone protiv komunista i mere koje su imale za cilj da Kinezi navodno ekonomski ne vladaju Indonezijom.[3] Po njegovoj gebelsovskoj propagandi 3% Kineza vladalo je sa 70% ekonomije Indonezije. Suharto je u ekspanzionističkoj politici 1975. stavio portugalsku koloniju Istočni Timor pod vlast Indonezije.
Negova autoritativna fašistička vladavina i povećana korupcija su doveli do nezadovoljstva tokom 1990-ih. Suhartov skoro neosporivi autoritet u Indoneziji je dramatično oslabio usled finansijske krize koja je snizila životni standard Indonežana. Nakon masovnih demonstracija 1998. Suharto je primoran da podnese ostavku, a a njegove zločine mu nikad nije suđeno.
Izvori
- ↑ Miguel, Edward; Paul Gertler, David I. Levine (January 2005). „Does Social Capital Promote Industrialization? Evidence from a Rapid Industrializer”. Econometrics Softare Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley.
- ↑ Robert Cribb (2002). „Unresolved Problems in the Indonesian Killings of 1965-1966”. Asian Survey 42 (4): 550-563.
- ↑ Leo Suryadinata (1976). „Indonesian Policies toward the Chinese Minority under the New Order”. Asian Survey 16 (8): 770-787.
Literatura
Vanjske veze
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- (en) The Lasting Legacy of Suharto (at BBC)
- news.bbc.co.uk, Life in pictures: Indonesia's Suharto BBC
- Financial Times obituary Arhivirano 2008-11-21 na Wayback Machine-u
- The Guardian obituary
- Obituary in The Times, 28 January 2008
- "Suharto, Inc." Arhivirano 2001-01-28 na Wayback Machine-u May 1999 Time Magazine exposé on Suharto's regime and family, published on the first anniversary of Suharto's resignation
- Shadow Play — Website accompanying a 2002 Public Broadcasting Service documentary on Indonesia, with emphasis on the Suharto-era and the transition from New Order to Reformation
- "We need to be told" – Article by Australian journalist and Suharto critic John Pilger on the fortieth anniversary of the Transition to the New Order, New Statesman, 17 October 2005.
- Tiger Tales: Indonesia — Website accompanying a 2002 BBC World Service radio documentary on Indonesia, focusing on early Suharto era. Features interviews with Indonesian generals and victims of the regime. Program is available in streaming RealAudio format.
- "Vengeance with a Smile", Time Magazine, Friday, 15 Jul 1966 Arhivirano 2013-08-27 na Wayback Machine-u
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