List of freshwater fishes of Washington
The following list of known freshwater fish species, subspecies, and hybrids occurring in Washington state is taken from Wydoski and Whitney(2003). Some scientific names have been updated or corrected. Trout nomenclature follows Behnke et al.(2002). Asterisks denote introduced fishes. The list includes several anadromous species, and two normally marine species (starry flounder and shiner perch) that are occasionally found in freshwater. Only one species (Olympic mudminnow) is a Washington endemic, however three others (Nooksack dace, Salish sucker, and margined sculpin) have very limited distributions outside the state. Sixty-seven fish species, subspecies, or hybrids are listed, 37 native, and 30 introduced.
Petromyzontiformes
Family Petromyzontidae
- Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus
- Western river lamprey, Lampetra ayresi
- Western brook lamprey, Lampetra richardsoni
Acipenseriformes
Family Acipenseridae
- Green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris
- White sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus
Clupeiformes
Family Clupeidae
- American shad*, Dorosoma sapidissima
Cypriniformes
Family Catostomidae
- Longnose sucker, Catostomus catostomus
- Salish sucker, Catostomus sp.
- Bridgelip sucker, Catostomus columbianus
- Largescale sucker, Catostomus macrocheilus
- Mountain sucker, Catostomus platyrhynchus
Family Cobitidae
- Weatherfish*, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus
Family Cyprinidae
- Chiselmouth, Acrocheilus alutaceus
- Goldfish*, Carassius auratus
- Lake chub, Couseius plumbeus
- Grass carp*, Ctenopharyngodon idella
- Common carp*, Cyprinus carpio
- Tui chub, Gila bicolor
- Peamouth, Mylocheilus caurinus
- Golden shiner*, Notemigonus crysoleucas
- Fathead minnow*, Pimephales promelas
- Northern pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus oregonensis
- Longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae
- Nooksack dace, Rhinichthys cataractae ssp.
- Leopard dace, Rhinichthys falcatus
- Umatilla dace, Rhinichthys umatilla
- Speckled dace, Rhinichthys osculus
- Redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus
- Tench*, Tinca tinca
Cyprinodontiformes
Family Fundulidae
- Banded killifish*, Fundulus diaphanus
Family Poeciliidae
- Mosquitofish*, Gambusia affinis
Esociformes
Family Esocidae
- Grass pickerel*,Esox americanus vermiculatus
- Northern pike*, Esox lucius
- Tiger muskellunge*, E. lucius x E. masquinongy hybrid
- Olympic mudminnow, Novumbra hubbsi
Perciformes
Family Centrarchidae
- Rock bass*, Ambloplites rupestris
- Green sunfish*, Lepomis cyanellus
- Bluegill*, Lepomis macrochirus
- Pumpkinseed*, Lepomis gibbosus
- Warmouth*, Lepomis gulosus
- Smallmouth bass*, Micropterus dolomieui
- Largemouth bass*, Micropterus salmoides
- White crappie*, Pomoxis annularis
- Black crappie*, Pomoxis nigromaculatus
Family Embiotocidae
- Shiner perch, Cymatogaster aggregata
Family Percidae
- Yellow perch*, Perca flavescens
- Walleye*, Sander vitreus
Family Moronidae
- Striped bass*, Morone saxatilis
Percopsiformes
Family Percopsidae
- Sand roller, Percopsis transmontanus
Gadiformes
Family Gadidae
- Burbot, Lota lota
Gasterosteiformes
Family Gasterosteidae
- Three-spine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus
- Brook stickleback*, Culaea inconstans
Osmeriformes
Family Osmeridae
- Longfin smelt, Spirinchus thaleichthys
- Eulachon, Thaleichthys pacificus
Pleuronectiformes
Family Pleuronectidae
- Starry flounder, Planichthys stellatus
Salmoniformes
Family Salmonidae
- Lake whitefish*, Coregonus clupeaformis
- Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
- Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch
- Chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta
- Sockeye salmon/Kokanee, Oncorhynchus nerka
- Pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
- Golden trout*, Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita
- Coastal rainbow trout/Steelhead, Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus
- Columbia River redband trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri
- Coastal cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki clarki
- Westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi
- Lahontan cutthroat trout*, Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi
- Pygmy whitefish, Prosopium coulteri
- Mountain whitefish, Prosopium williamsoni
- Atlantic salmon*, Salmo salar
- Brown trout*, Salmo trutta
- Bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus
- Brook trout*, Salvelinus fontinalis
- Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma
- Lake trout*, Salvelinus namaycush
- Arctic grayling*, Thymallus arcticus
Scorpaeniformes
Family Cottidae
- Coastrange sculpin, Cottus aleuticus
- Prickly sculpin, Cottus asper
- Mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdi
- Paiute sculpin, Cottus beldingi
- Slimy sculpin, Cottus cognatus
- Shorthead sculpin, Cottus confusus
- Riffle sculpin, Cottus gulosus
- Reticulate sculpin, Cottus perplexus
- Margined sculpin, Cottus marginatus
- Torrent sculpin, Cottus rhotheus
- Pacific staghorn sculpin, Leptocottus armatus
Siluriformes
Family Ictaluridae
- Black bullhead*, Ameiurus melas
- Yellow bullhead*, Ameiurus natalis
- Brown bullhead*, Ameiurus nebulosus
- Channel catfish*, Ictalurus punctatus
- Tadpole madtom*, Noturus gyrinus
- Flathead catfish*, Pylodictis olivaris
References
- Behnke, Robert J.; Tomelleri,Joe; Proebstel, Donald S. (2002). Trout and Salmon of North America. Free Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-2220-4.
- Wydoski, Richard S.; Whitney, Richard R. (2003). Inland Fishes of Washington (2nd ed.). University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98338-7.
External links
- Aquatic Species at Risk - Nooksack Dace | Fisheries and Oceans Canada
- Updated COSEWIC status report on Nooksack dace
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Endangered Fish Species page
- FishBase
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System
- Paper on Nooksack dace and Salish sucker
