List of commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti
Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti | |
---|---|
Commandant en chef des Forces armées d'Haïti Kòmandan an chèf Fòs Lame an Ayiti | |
Incumbent Brigadier general Sadrac Saintil since 27 March 2018 | |
Armed Forces of Haiti | |
Seat | Port-au-Prince, Haiti |
Appointer | President of Haiti |
Formation | 1 August 1934[a] |
First holder | Colonel Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte[a] |
This article lists the commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti (French: Forces Armées d'Haïti—FAd'H), from the end of the U.S. occupation in 1934 through the disbandment of the FAd'H in 1995, during the Operation Uphold Democracy, until the reinstatement of the FAd'H in 2017.
Officeholders
Commanders of the Guard of Haiti
No. | Portrait | Commander of the Guard | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Calixte, Démosthènes PétrusColonel Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte (c. 1899–?) | 1 August 1934 | 9 January 1938 | 3 years, 161 days | Guard of Haiti | |
2 | André, JulesColonel Jules André | 9 January 1938 | 28 August 1944 | 6 years, 232 days | Guard of Haiti | |
3 | Lavaud, FranckColonel Franck Lavaud (1903–1986) | 28 August 1944 | 5 September 1946 | 2 years, 8 days | Guard of Haiti |
Chiefs of the General Staff of the Army
No. | Portrait | Chief of the General Staff | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(3) | Lavaud, FranckBrigadier general Franck Lavaud (1903–1986) | 5 September 1946 | 6 December 1950 | 4 years, 92 days | Army of Haiti | – | |
4 | Levelt, AntoineBrigadier general Antoine Levelt [fr] (1910–?) | 6 December 1950 | 13 December 1956 | 6 years, 7 days | Army of Haiti | – | |
5 | Cantave, LéonBrigadier general Léon Cantave (1910–1967) | 13 December 1956 | 26 May 1957 | 164 days | Army of Haiti | – | |
6 | Kébreau, Antonio ThrasybuleBrigadier general Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau (1909–1963) | 26 May 1957 | 12 March 1958 | 290 days | Army of Haiti | [1] | |
7 | Flambert, Maurice P.Major general Maurice P. Flambert | 12 March 1958 | 7 December 1958 | 269 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [2] | |
8 | Merceron, PierreMajor general Pierre Merceron | 7 December 1958 | 6 September 1961 | 2 years, 273 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
9 | Boucicault, Jean-RenéBrigadier general Jean-René Boucicault | 7 September 1961 | 9 August 1962 | 336 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
10 | Constant, GérardBrigadier general Gérard Constant | 9 August 1962 | 8 December 1970 | 8 years, 121 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
11 | Raymond, ClaudeLieutenant general Claude Raymond | 8 December 1970 | 11 August 1973 | 2 years, 246 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [3][4] | |
12 | Hilaire, Jean-BaptisteLieutenant general Jean-Baptiste Hilaire | 11 August 1973 | 6 September 1978 | 5 years, 26 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
13 | Saint-Albin, RogerLieutenant general Roger Saint-Albin | 7 September 1978 | 23 March 1984 | 5 years, 198 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
14 | Namphy, HenriLieutenant general Henri Namphy (1932–2018) | 23 March 1984 | 4 November 1987 | 3 years, 226 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – |
Commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti
No. | Portrait | Commander-in-chief | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(14) | Namphy, HenriLieutenant general Henri Namphy (1932–2018) | 4 November 1987 | 17 June 1988 | 226 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [5] | |
– | Gousse, MortonBrigadier general Morton Gousse Acting [b] | 17 June 1988 | 19 June 1988 | 2 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [6] | |
15 | Nicolas, Carl-MichelMajor general Carl-Michel Nicolas [c] | 19 June 1988 | 17 September 1988 | 90 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [6] | |
16 | Avril, ProsperLieutenant general Prosper Avril (born 1937) | 17 September 1988 | 10 March 1990 | 1 year, 174 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [7][8] | |
17 | Abraham, HérardLieutenant general Hérard Abraham (1940–2022) | 10 March 1990 | 2 July 1991 | 1 year, 114 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
18 | Cédras, RaoulLieutenant general Raoul Cédras (born 1949) [d] | 2 July 1991 | 10 October 1994 | 3 years, 100 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [9] | |
– | Duperval, Jean-ClaudeMajor general Jean-Claude Duperval (1947–2020) Acting | 10 October 1994 | 17 November 1994 | 38 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [10][11] | |
19 | Poisson, BernardinBrigadier general Bernardin Poisson (born 1948) | 17 November 1994 | 20 February 1995 | 95 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [12][13][14] | |
Armed Forces disbanded (20 February 1995 – 17 November 2017) | |||||||
– | Lesage, JodelLieutenant general Jodel Lesage (born 1954) Acting | 17 November 2017 | 27 March 2018 | 130 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [15] | |
20 | Saintil, SadracBrigadier general Sadrac Saintil | 27 March 2018 | Incumbent | 6 years, 80 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [16][17] |
Timeline
See also
Notes
- ^ a b Commander of the Guard of Haiti.
- ^ Dismissed following the June 1988 coup d'état.
- ^ Dismissed following the September 1988 coup d'état.
- ^ Staged the 1991 coup d'état. Afterwards served as de facto leader of Haiti from 1991 to 1994.
References
- ^ "Army Change in Haiti Replaces 'Strong Man'". The New York Times. 14 March 1958. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
- ^ "DUVALIER OUSTS HAITI ARMY CHIEF; Thwarting of Plot Is Hinted as Police Head Is Placed In Charge of Forces". The New York Times. 8 December 1958. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ "Haiti Shuffles Top Officials For Second Time in 2 Days". The New York Times. Associated Press. 13 August 1973. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Eric Pace (11 February 2000). "Claude Raymond, 70, Duvalier Era General". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ "HAITIAN ARMY COMMANDER IS FIRED". The Washington Post. 18 June 1988. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ a b James Rupert (20 June 1988). "MILITARY STAGES COUP IN HAITI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Julia Preston (19 September 1988). "NEW GENERAL INSTALLED FOLLOWING HAITIAN COUP". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Lee Hockstader (11 March 1990). "EMBATTLED RULER QUITS IN HAITI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ Douglas Farah, William Booth (11 October 1994). "LAST TWO OF HAITI'S MILITARY TRIUMVIRATE QUIT". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "New leader is considered to be weaker, low key". Tampa Bay Times. 11 October 1994. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Larry Rohter (18 November 1994). "Aristide Ousts Acting Army Chief". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Edward Cody (18 November 1994). "ARISTIDE PICKS NEW ARMY CHIEF". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Aristide appoints army chief". Tampa Bay Times. 18 November 1994. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Aristide purges top army officers". The Baltimore Sun. 22 February 1995. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Haiti - FLASH : President Moïse appoints acting Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Haiti". haitilibre.com. 18 November 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ^ "Installation du haut état-major des Forces Armées d'Haïti". juno7.ht (in French). 27 March 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ^ Marion, John (6 April 2018). "Haitian army general staff appointed amid tensions with the Dominican Republic". wsws.org. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
Bibliography
- Daniel Supplice, Bibliographic dictionary of political personalities of the Republic of Haiti 1804–2001. Lanno Imprimerie, Belgium 2001, ISBN 9993562300
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Commanders of the Armed Forces of Haiti since 1934
- Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte (1934–38)
- Jules André (1938–44)
- Franck Lavaud (1944–46)
- Franck Lavaud (1946–50)
- Antoine Levelt (1950–56)
- Léon Cantave (1956–57)
- Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau (1957–58)
- Maurice P. Flambert (1958)
- Pierre Merceron (1958–61)
- Jean-René Boucicault (1961–62)
- Gérard Constant (1962–70)
- Claude Raymond (1970–73)
- Jean-Baptiste Hilaire (1973–78)
- Roger Saint-Albin (1978–84)
- Henri Namphy (1984–87)
- Henri Namphy (1987–88)
- Morton Gousse (1988)
- Carl-Michel Nicolas (1988)
- Prosper Avril (1988–90)
- Hérard Abraham (1990–91)
- Raoul Cédras (1991–94)
- Jean-Claude Duperval (1994)
- Bernardin Poisson (1994–95)
- Armed Forces disbanded (1995–2017)
- Jodel Lesage (2017–18)
- Sadrac Saintil (2018–present)
Italics indicate interim officeholder